Photographic copying apparatus



p 2 1953 E. GOLDBERG 2,652,744

' PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 14 Sheet -Sheet l fin/e n to 71' 772 an 202] fiolz/fiery Sept. 22, 1953 E. GOLDBERG PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS l4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 1, 1950 e 72 5077' Zdefy v hy.

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PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 ..Z /5',1Z. F512 i 152%nf0r: Emanuel 50145277 Wm. Jay

Sept. 22, 1953 GOLDBERG 2,652,744

PHOTQGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 14' Sheets-Sheet 7 14 Shets-Shet 8 E. GOLDBERG PHOTCGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Sept. 22, 1953 Filed June 1, 1950 Sept. 22, 1953 E. GOLDBERG PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed June 1, 1950 fizz/nfor: Encznuel 6010 5 (Jiffy,

Sept. 22, 1953 E. GOLDBERG PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS l4 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed June 1, 1950 ENSQEI P 1953 E. GOLDBERG- 2,652,744

' PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 I 14 Sheets-Sheet ll Sept. 22, 1953 .E. GOLDBERG PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS 14 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed June 1, 1950 p 22, 1953 E. @LDBERG 2,652,744

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet l3 Emanuel go/Q 667? y M%M}A. 04%

Sept 1953 E. GOLDBERG 2,652,744

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed June 1, 1950 14 shets shet l4 Elw n f0 7: [manual aldz'wy why Patented Sept. 22, 1953 UNITED 2,652,744 rno'roonarmo COPYING APPARATUS Emanuel Goldberg, Tel Aviv, Israel, minor to Bell & Howell Company, a corporation of Illinois Application J une 1, 1950, Serial No. 165,422

14 Claims. 1

My invention relates to photographic copying apparatus which is particularly adapted for producing microfilm records of documents, books or other articles although not limited to this use alone.

Objects of the invention reside in the provision of a novel, efficient and conveniently operated photographic copying apparatus, which is of compact arrangement, which embodies foldably related parts permitting the apparatus to be reduced to a compact size for convenient portability, which provides for the automatic accurate relative positioning of the foldably related parts when they are in extended functioning position, which provides for the convenient photographing of single sheets, books or other articles, which accommodates relatively large books or other articles, which has the mechanism thereof desirably arranged particularly for the photographing of books, which, being of the folded light path type, provides for the double reflection of the image bearing light so that the image photographed on the film is properly handed, which provides for the image bearing light path being disposed at a desirably small angle of incidence to a reflector of the optical system, which provides for the placing of the reflector relative to the camera lens so that the optical quality of the reflector is of secondary importance, which provides for equalizing the illumination of the article being photographed, which, embodying a transparent platen, provides for the prevention of undesirable reflection therefrom, which embodies mechanism whereby the several functions entering into the photographing operation, such as advancing the film, turning the illumination on and off, and operation of the exposure shutte'r, are automatically efiected in proper sequence, and the photographing operation is under the control of a single manually actuated control member so that the operator merely actuates the control member to effect each photographing operation, which embodying a platen which is manually movable to facilitate the positioning of documents or other articles for the photographing thereof and the removal of the same, utilizes the platen to control the photographing operation, which, embodying the manually operated platen, utilizes movement thereof, preferably in the direction away from its sheet engaging position, to advance the film and/r cock the exposure shutter, and final movement of the platen into its sheet engaging position to effect actuation of the exposure shutter, which emplate to the extent necessary to fully advance the film and/or to cock the exposure shutter is indicated to the operator so that assurance is provided that each article is photographed, which, after the film has been advanced for the exposure of a frame thereof, prevents further inadvertent advance of the film until an exposure of this frame has been made, which is provided with an exposure counter for automatically recording the number of photographing operations performed, which counter is operated directly by the movable platen plate, which counter is arranged so that its indications are photographed simultaneously with the articles and is preferably mounted on the movable platen plate, which, embodying a camera having a light tight take up magazine removably mounted thereon and provided with a film entry passage and a light valve for closing the film passage to exclude light and for opening the same for the passage of the film, provides for preventing the magazine being mounted in the camera when the film passage is closed, which provides for the light valve drawing a projecting film end into the magazine when the light valve is closed, which provides for the light valve controlling a film guide in the taken up magazine, which guide is normally urged toward the hub of a driven removable spool in the magazine to guide a film end to the hub to be gripped thereby, to position the guide away from the spool and a film roll thereon for the removal of the spool and the film roll from the magazine, which provides for conveniently cutting off at will the exposed portion of a film in the camera from the unexposed portion of the film and removing the exposed film portion in the light tight take up magazine for development, so that it is unnecessary to wait until the film is fully exposed or waste the unexposed portion of the film in order to remove and develop an immediately wanted exposed portion of the film, which provides for the operation of the film cutting device of the camera and the valve of the take up magazine in timed relation from a common actuating member for facilitating the cutting off and removal of an exposed film portion, and which provides for the desirable mounting of the actuating member or handle of the film cutter and magazine valve operating mechanism on the access cover of the camera casing and a disengageable connectingmeans between the handle and the film cutter and magazine valve to permit opening of the camera casing cover.

bodies means whereby movement of the platen The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof and in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a photographic copying apparatus embodying my invention and showing it in folded compact condition;

Figures 2 and 3 are respectively rearwardly and forwardly directed perspective views of the apparatus showing it in expanded or functioning condition;

Figure 4 is a, partial perspective view of the apparatus taken similarly to Figure 2 and showing the apparatus as used for copying pages of a book;

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the photographic camera of the apparatus;

Figure 6 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 'i-l of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 8-8 of Figure 5;

Figure 9 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 9-9 of Figure 5;

Figure 10 is a partial interior view taken substantially on the line ill-HI of Figure 9;

Figures 11 end 12 are partial sectional views taken substantially on the line ll-|l of Figure 9;

Figure 13 is a top plan view of the apparatus with parts omitted and with the access cover of the camera in open position and partially broken away;

Figure 14 is a partial horizontal sectional view, similar to Figure 5, of a portion of the camera;

Figure 15 is a partial sectional view taken similarly to Figure 14 and showing parts in different positions from those in which they are shown in Figure 14;

Figure 16 is an enlarged partial horizontal sectional view of certain of the parts shown in Figures 14 and 15 and showing further details thereof;

Figure 17 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line |1--l1 of Figure 13;

Figure 18 is an enlarged partial sectional view taken similarly to Figure 17 and showing further details and parts in different positions than those in which they are shown in Figure 17;

Figure 19 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line l3|9 of Figure 20 with the related bottom cover of the casing removed;

Figure 20 is a partial bottom plan view of the same portion of the apparatus as is shown in Figure 19 and with the corresponding bottom cover of the casing removed;

Figure 21 is a partial sectional view and is a continuation of Figure 19;

Figure 22 is a partial bottom plan view and is a continuation of Figure 20;

Figure 23 is a partial view taken substantially on the line 23--23 of Figure 21;

Figure 24 is a partial section taken substantially on the line 24-44 of Figure 21;

Figure 25 is a partial section taken substantially on the line 25-25 of Figure 21;

Figure 26 is a partial bottom plan view with the corresponding bottom cover or the casing broken away;

Figure 27 is a view similar to Figure 26 with parts broken away and showing parts in different positions from those in which they are shown in Figure 26;

Figure 28 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 26-24 of Figure 19 Figure 29 is a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 29-29 of Figure 19;

Figure 30 is a view of certain parts shown in Figures 26 and 27 and showing them in top plan;

Figure 31 is a partial sectional view taken similarly to Figure 21 and showing parts in diflerent positions than those in which they are shown in Figure 21:

Figure 32 is a partial sectional view taken similarly to Figure 19 and showing parts in positions difl'erent from those in which they are shown in Figure 19;

Figures 33, 34 and 35 are detail sectional views of diflerent portions or the mechanism shown in Figure 32;

Figure 36 is a partial sectional view taken similarly to Figure 21 and showing parts in positions diilerent from those in which they are shown in Figure 21;

Figure 37 is a partial top plan view of the film take up magazine of the camera with the cover of the magazine removed;

Figure 38 is a partial horizontal sectional'view of the film take up magazine of the camera;

Figure 39 is an exploded and condensed perspective view of a portion of the mechanism;

Figures 40, 41 and 42 illustrate a modification of the exposure counter mechanism of the ap paratus and respectively are a partial top plan view, a partial view in front elevation, and a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 4242 of Figure 41:

Figures 43, 44 and 45 illustrate another modincation of the exposure counter mechanism or the apparatus and respectively are a partial top plan view, a partial view in front elevation, and a partial sectional view taken substantially on the line 45-45 of Figure 44; and

Figure 46 is an axial sectional view of one 01' the lamp house pivots of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawing, the bas of the apparatus comprises a casing of flat character enclosing the major portion of the mechanism, and the casing is of horizontal U shape of which the transverse portion 1 is disposed rearwardly and of which the legs 2 and 3 extend forwardly from the transverse portion and form an opening 4 therebetween. See Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, l3 and 17. The transverse portion is of lesser height than the legs 2 and 3 and is disposed at the upper portions of the legs and is elevated from the bottom of the base at least to the plane of the photographing position of a sheet article, as hereinafter described, so as to provide an opening 5 thereunder, which forms a rearward horizontal continuation of the corresponding portion of the opening 4 as best shown in Figure 17. An elongated camera casing is mounted on the top of the transverse base portion and extends therealong, and comprises a lower portion 6 fixed on the transverse base portion and an upper access cover I which is hinged, as designed at I, to the lower portion at the rear of the camera casing to provide access thereintc, the covering being secured in closed position by releasable latches 3 at the ends of the camera casing of which one is shown in Figure 3.

The inside longitudinal portions of the tops of the base legs 2 and 3 are downwardly offset a short distance to provide ledges H, and an easel i2 is engaged downwardly on these ledges and extends across the opening 4 to provid a horizontal support downwardly on which documents or other sheet material are placed for the photographing thereof, see Figures 1, 2 and 17, the

easel establishing the photographing position of a sheet article supported on the easel in a plane spaced upwardly from the bottom of the base and above a space clear of the base and being detachably secured on the ledges in a suitable manner so that it may be removed for a purpose hereinafter appearing. A platen, comprising a marginal metal frame 13 and a transparent member l4 mounted in the frame, is arranged above the easel and is pivoted on a horizontal axis at the rear thereof immediately forward of the transverse base portion I by means of oppositely pro= jecting alined pivot studs l5 fixed with the frame l3 and respectively projecting into the base legs 2 and 3 and pivotally mounted thereon, one of these studs being shown in Figures 19, 32 and 39. As so pivotally mounted, the platen l3l4 is mounted for pivotal movement, on a rearwardly disposed horizontal axis transverse to the base legs, from a lower horizontal position overlying the easel l2, see Figures 1, 13 and 17, for holding a document or sheet flat on the easel for the photographing thereof through the transparent platen member I l, to an upper inclined position,

see Figure 32, in which documents or sheets may be conveniently placed on and removed from the easel.

Two lamp housings [6 of generally rectangular shape, see Figures 1 to 4 inclusive and 17, have light openings I! through opposingly related long sides l8 thereof and are respectively pivoted on and above the base legs 2 and 3, by means of bearings generally designated at H], on parallel horizontally spaced axes extending forwardly and rearwardly and longitudinally of the base legs and transversely of the pivotal axis of the platen and adjacently spaced above respective of the tops of the base legs and disposed at ends of the lamp housings adjacent the opposingly related sides l8 thereof, so that the lamp housings may be positioned in either folded alined horizontal positions extending toward each other and closely overlying the base and platen in compact relation therewith, as shown in Figure 1, or in upwardly extending functioning positions, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 17, in which the light openings I! face toward each other and across the platen and easel.

Two restraining arms 2| are pivotally mounted, as designated at 22 in Figure 3, respectively on the rear walls of the lamp housings on axes spaced longitudinally of the lamp housing from the pivotal axes thereof, and these arms are provided with longitudinal slots 23 which are slidably and pivotally engaged respectively on transversely spaced studs 24, see Figures 2 and 4, mounted on the front of the fixed camera casing portion 8, so that these arms limit outward movement of the lamp housings and thus establish the upwardly extending functioning positions of the lamp housings, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, and permit the lamp housings to b positioned in their folded horizontal positions, as shown in Figure 1, in which the arms are disposed within the vertical and transverse limits of the lamp housings.

A rectangular downwardly directed reflector 25 is arranged above the platen I3 and I4, and is carried with the lamp housings [S by a suitable folding structure for movement with and with respect to said lamp housings so that when the lamp housings l6 are in their folded horizontal positions, as shown in Figure 1, the reflector is parallel to the bas and closely overlies the lamp housings, and when the lamp housings are in their upwardly extending functioning positions,

as shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 17, the reflector is positioned in its functioning position upwardly spaced from the platen l3-l4 and the lamp housings and is inclined in a vertical plane traversing the sides of the photographing position adjoining the sides thereof at which the lamp housings are disposed and upwardly and rear wardly at a small angle to a horizontal plane for reflecting an image of an article below the platen, such as a document on the easel i2, downwardly and rearwardly of the platen and easel for the photographing of the article as hereinafter described, the aforesaid folding structure comprising as follows;

Two arms 26 have ends thereof pivotally mounted on the reflector 25 at the front thereof, as designated at 21, respectively on parallel rearwardly and forwardly extending axes spaced along the reflector and preferably as shown at the front corners thereof, see Figures 1 and 2, and have their other ends pivotally mounted respectively on the front walls of the lamp housings, as designated at 28, on forwardly and rearwardly extending axes radially spaced longitudinally of the lamp housings from the pivotal axes thereof, the pivotal mountings 28 providing a. small amount of universal pivotal movement of these arms to accommodate for the tilting of the reflector as hereinafter described.

Two arms 29 have ends thereof pivotally mounted on the reflector at the rear thereof, as designated at 3|, respectively on parallel rearwardly and forwardly extending axes spaced along the reflector and preferably as shown at the rear corners thereof, see Figure 3, and have their other ends pivotally mounted respectively on the rear walls of the lamp housings, as designated at 32, on forwardly and rearwardly extending axes radially spaced longitudinally of the lamp housings from the pivotal axes thereof, the pivotal mountings 32 providing a small amount of universal pivotal movement of these arms to accommodate for the tilting of the reflector as herein after described.

The arms 26 and 29, pivotally connected to the reflector 25 and the lamp housings l6 as above described, support the reflector in its functioning position upwardly spaced from the platen i3-I4 and the lamp housings l6 and inclined upwardly and rearwardly when the lamp housings are in their upwardly extending functioning positions, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 17, and the arms 26 are shorter than the arms 29 and the spacing of the axes of the pivotal mountings 28 of the arms 26 radially from the pivotal axes of the lamp housings is less than the spacing of the axes of the pivotal mountings 32 of the arms 29 radially of the pivotal axes of the lamp housings, so that when the lamp housings are in their folded positions, as shown' in Figure 1, the arms 26 and 29 position the reflector in parallelism with the base and in closely overlying relation with the lamp housings, so that the apparatus is quite compact when the lamp housings and reflector are in their folded positions for convenient portability of the apparatus.

Two restraining arms 33 are pivotally mounted on the reflector 25 at the front thereof and intermediate the pivotal mountings 2'! of the arms 26, as designated at 34 in Figures 1, 2 and 3, and the arms 33 are provided with longitudinal slots 35 which are slidably and pivotally engaged on respective of studs 36 respectively secured on the intermediate portions of the arms 26, so that the arms 33 limit pivotal movement of the arms 26 upwardly with respect to the reflector when the lamp housings and refiector are in their extended functioning positions to fix the reflector against transverse shifting and rocking movement and to resist downward pressure on the reflector, see Figures 2 and 3, and permit the lamp housings and reflector to be positioned in their folded positions, as shown in Figure l, in which the arms 33 are disposed within the vertical and transverselimits of the lamp housmgs.

Two incandescent electric lamps 31 are arranged within each lamp housing I6 and are arranged in rearwardly and forwarly spaced relation opposite the light opening I! thereof, the lamps being mounted in usual sockets 38. See Figure 17. The lower portions 39 of the interior of each lamp housing is white to increase the light directed upon an article below the platen |3-i4, and the upper portion 4| of theinterior of each lamp housing is black in order to avoid spots on a film being exposed due to specular reflection from this portion of the lamp housing in the transparent member H of the platen. A light reducing screen 42, such as a wire screen, is placed across the lower portion of the light opening I! of each lamp housing in front of the lamps to reduce excessive illumination on the parts of the easel adjacent the lamps. The lamp housings, when in functioning positions, are inclined outwardly, as shown, at such an angle that the virtual image of the lamps which is formed by reflection in the transparent member M of the platen, is -not reimaged'on the film by the camera lens hereinafter referred to.

Referring to Figure 46, one bearing [9 of each of the lamp housings comprises a bearing member 43 secured downwardly on the top wall of the corresponding base leg 2 or 3 and having a horizontally projecting stud bearing portion 44 about which a bored bearing member 45 in a wall of the lamp housing is engaged for pivotal movement. The bearing member 43 is provided with an angled bore 46 therethrough which extends through the bearing portion 44'- An electric cable 48 extends from the interior of the base leg. through the aperture 41 and bore 46 and into the lamp housing for energizing the lamps within'the lamp hous'ing, so' thatthe cable is concealed.

A camera is arranged closely adjacent the rear side of and directed toward the aforesaid photographing position and has its optical axis substantially parallel to and adjacent the plane of the photographing position, and includes a forwardly and rearwardly extending hollow camera body 49 which is arranged within the camera casing i6-l1 intermediately thereof and is secured on the transeverse base portion i. See Figures 5, 6 and 9. The rear wall 5| of the-camera body is spaced forwardly of the rear wall of the camera casing, see Figures 5 and 9, and is provided with a vertically disposed horizontally extending film guide extending transversely of the apparatus and comprising a rearwardly facing guide channel 52 in the rear face of this wall and a pressure plate 53 eng ed in the guide channel and provided with longitudinally extending shoulders 54 at the sides thereof, which cooperate with the shoulders formed by the guide channel to light seal the sides of the film guide. Leaf springs 55 are secured on the rear face of the pressure plate 53 at spaced points along the same and extend downwardly therefrom through apertures 56 through the top wall of the transverse base portion 1 to yieldably hold the lower portion of the pressure plate forwardly in engagement .with the guide channel, and a latch arm 51, see Figures 9 and 13, pivoted on the top wall of the. camera body and an upwardly projecting pin 58 on the top of the pressure plate, with which this latch is releasably engageable, -cooperate with the springs I to hold the pressure plate forwardly for guiding afilm in the guide. Release of the latch arm 51 from the pin permits the pressure plate to tilt rearwardly for insertion and removal of a film in the guide, and when so released the pressure plate may be easily removed or installed by withdrawal of the springs 55 from the apertures 56 or insertion of the same therein.

The rear wall 5! of the camera body is provided with an exposure aperture 59 through which a film 6| in the guide is exposed, see Figure 6, the film for which the camera is adapted being standard 35 mm. motion picture film provided with spaced feed perforations 62 along each edge thereof.

The camera body 49 is provided with an interior transverse partition 88 disposed intermediate the ends thereof, see Figures 5 and 9, and a camera lens 64 is mounted in an opening through this partition and is disposed on a rearwardly lens in a downward and rear direction. A right angle optical prism 61 is mounted, by means of a bracket "secured on the top wall of the camera body, within the camera body and forwardly of the camera lens in such position that its hypotenuse face 69 which acts as a reflecting surface, isinternally directed rearwardly and upwardly for reflecting an image of an article below the platen iii-l4 from the reflector II, which is directed toward the camera, horizontally rearward through the camera lens for the photographing of the article on the film at the exposure aperture 59.

The reflector 25 is disposed approximately midway of the optical distance between the easel II or the position of the articles being photographed and the camera lens '4 so that the reflector is .far enough from the camera lens that its optical quality is of secondary importance. and the angle of incidence of the light path with respect to this reflector is small, preferably not greater than approximately 25, so that the separation of the two images formed by separate reflections at the front and rear surfaces of this reflector, in case it is a rear surface reflector, is minimized. Where two reflectors are used in the optical system, as shown, the image photographed on the film is properly handed.

A shutter 1i is pivotally mounted on a rearwardly disposed axis, as designated at II, on the top wall of the camera body ll for movement from a lower position closing the light opening of the camera body, as shown in Figures 9 and 17, to an upper position opening the light opening 88 as shown in Figure 18, and a shutter I8 is pivotally mounted on a rearwardly disposed axis, as designated at I4, on the camera. casing cover I for movement from a lower position closing the light opening 08 of the cover I, as shown in Figures and 17, to an upper position opening the light opening 86 as shown in Figure 18. The

shutters are yieldably urged by gravity into their closed positions, and the shutter I8 is provided with downwardly projecting lugs I6 upwardly against which the shutter II engages to open and close the shutter I8 simultaneously with opening and closing of the shutter II, these shutters forming the exposure shutter of the camera and the shutter I9 serving to light seal the camera casing 01 when photographs are not being made as a precaution though the film in the camera is protected from being light struck, as hereinafter described, even though the casing cover I is opened. The shutter II is provided with a downwardly projecting arm I8 by means of which the shutters 'II and I3 may be actuated, see Figures 7 and 18, and an upwardly projecting arm 11, fixed on a transversely extending horizontal shaft 18 within the transverse base portion I and pivotally mounted on bearings 19, forwardly engages the arm I8 for opening and closing the shutters II and I3 with opposite pivotal movement of the shaft.

The camera lens 64 is provided with'a usual adjustable diaphragm including an angularly movable adjusting ring 0|, see Figures 5 and 8, and the ring is adjustable by means of a rotatable knob 82 on the front of the lower camera casing portion 6 and connected with the adjusting ring by a suitable mechanism, generally designated at 83, and including a forwardly extending arm 84 fixed on the adjusting ring.

An exposure counter of suitable construction, generally designated at 85 in Figures 5, 8 and 9, is driven from a vertical rotatably mounted shaft 88 which projects downwardly into the transverse base portion I and terminates therein with a toothed detent wheel 81 and a ratchet wheel 88 both of which are fixed on the shaft. The counter is inclusive of forwardly facing numbered indicating dials 89 and 9| which are visible through openings 92 in the front wall of the lower camera casing portion 8, see Figures 2 and 4, and setting knobs 98 on the exterior of this front wall.

A vertical shaft 94, see Figures 5, 6 and 9, is rotatably mounted on the camera body 48 a short distance forwardly of the rear wall 5i thereof, and a sprocket 85 is fixed on the upper end of this shaft for rotation therewith. The teeth of the sprocket project into the film guide 52-53 and are engaged with the lower series of longitudinally spaced perforations 82 of the film GI, so that as the film is fed, the sprocket and its shaft are rotated. An eccentric 98 is fixed on the lower end of the shaft 94 within the transverse base portion I for rotation with the shaft. A horizontal forwardly and rearwardly extending arm 81, see Figure 26, within the transverse body portion I, is provided with a longitudinally extending slot 98 at the intermediate portion thereof which is loosely engaged for sliding and pivotal movement on a vertical pin 99 carried on the transverse body portion.

The forward end of the arm 91 is bored, as designated at IN, and is rotatably engaged on the eccentric 98, and the other end of the arm is in the form of a ratchet pawl I02 which is engageabie with the ratchet wheel 88 of the counter shaft 88 for rotating the same with longitu- 10 dinal reciprocation of the arm 81 which is effected by rotation of the film engaged sprocket 85, shaft 84 and eccentric 88 as the film 8| is fed in the guide, a spring I09, connected with the arm 91, serving to yieldably urge the pawl I02 into engagement with the ratchet wheel 88.

Thus, the counter is actuated by the feeding of the film in the guide to indicate the number of exposures made. In order to prevent the pawl from causing retrograde movement of the counter drive shaft 08 during return movement of the pawl, the arm 91 is provided with a branch arm I04 which, as the arm 91 reciprocates, successively engages and disengages from between the teeth of the detent wheel 81 to prevent the pawl from causing retrograde movement of the shaft as the pawlslides over a tooth oi the ratchet wheel.

A vertical shaft I 05, see Figures 5, 6 and 9,

is rotatably mounted in the camera body 48 a short distance forwardly of the rear wall SI thereof and transversely spaced from the shaft 94, and a sprocket I08 is fixed-on the upper end of this shaft for rotation therewith. The teeth of this sprocket project into the film guide 52-i8 and are engaged with the upper series of longitudinally spaced perforations 62 of the film 8|,

' so that as this sprocket and its shaft are rotated the film is fed in the guide.

The lower end of the shaft I05 projects into the transverse base portion I and has a gear pinion I01 fixed thereon for rotation therewith. See Figures 6 and 26. A large gear I08, within the transverse base portion I, is rotatably mounted on a vertical axis, as designated at I09, and meshes with the gear pinion I01 for rotating the same and the sprocket I00 to feed the film, and a ratchet, wheel III is secured on the gear I00 for rotation therewith. The gear I08 is also connected with a vertical rotatable film take up spool drive shaft I I2 by a train of gears within the transverse base portion I and comprising a rotatable gear II3 meshing with the gear I08 and with a rotatable gear I I4, a rotatable gear I I8 disposed coaxial with the gear II4 and having a usual friction slip driving connections therewith and a rotatable ear IIG fixed on the lower end of the shaft I I2 for rotation therewith and meshing with the gear I I5.

A shift bar I I I within the transverse base portion I, see Figures 26 and 27, extends transversely and is mounted for longitudinal reciprocating movement by means comprising transversely spaced bearing studs II8 slidably engaged i respective of longitudinally spaced longitudinal slots II9 through the shift bar. A pawl I2I is pivotally mounted on the shift bar III, as designated at I22, and is yieldably urged toward the ratchet wheel I I I by a, spring I23, this movement of the pawl being limited by a pin I24 on the shift bar. A spring I25 yieldably actuates the shift bar to the right in Figures 26 and 27 and normally maintains it in its right position, and movement of the shift bar to the left effects engagement of the pawl I2I with a tooth of the ratchet wheel III and angular movement of the ratchet wheel and gear I08 counterclockwise and consequent rotation of the sprocket I00 and feed assay-m.

position preparatory to another film feeding op-.

eration.

A stop arm I25, within the transverse base portion 1, is intermediately pivotally mounted, as designated at I21, and one end I25 thereof i in the form of a stop which is movable with pivotal movement of the stop arm into and out of the path of a radial stop pin I23 fixed on the feed actuates the arm against the spring I33 to place the stop end I23 in the path of the stop in I25 to accurately stop rotation of the film feed sprocket I and consequent feeding of the film. The film feed stopping position of the stop arm I25 is shown in Figure 27, but in this figure the stop arm is so positioned by means other than the pin I3I as hereinafter described. A second pin I32, fixed on the shift bar H1 and spaced to the left of the pin I3I, engages the arm I25 with final movement of the shift bar to the right to move the arm end I23 out of the path of the stop pin I29 to assure release of the stop pin.

Referring to Figures 5, 6 and 13,1ighttight film supply and film take up magazines I33 and I34 are removably mounted in the camera casing 5-1 respectively on opposite sides of the camera body 43. The film supply magazine I33 is provided with a removable top cover I35 for access thereinto and contains a usual film spool I36 removably and rotatably mounted therein and carrying a roll I31 of the film 61. The supply magazine is provided with a light sealed film exit passage I33 for the film, see Figure 5, and is provided with a projecting portion I39 continuing the exit passage and engaging into an enlargement I4I of the corresponding end of the film guide 52-53 to provide a light seal between the film guide and supply magazine, the supply magazine being held in the camera casing and against the camera body 43 by an upwardly projecting spring clip I42 fixed with the lower camera casing portion 5.

The film take up magazine I34 is provided with a removable top cover I43 for access thereinto,

see particularly Figure 6, and is provided with an inwardly flanged central opening I44 through the bottom wall thereof and upwardly through which the take up spool drive shaft II2 projects when the take up magazin is mounted in the camera casing 5-1. The take up magazine contains a removable film spool comprising a bored hub I45, the bore of which is removably engageable on the shaft I I2 in angularly fixed relation therewith as is usual and as generally designated at I45, and a fiange I41 at the lower end of the hub and slanted downwardly and outwardly to form a light trap with the inwardly fianged opening I44. The spool hub I45 is provided, upwardly adjacent the fiange I41, with a series of film perforation engaging teeth I48, spaced about the same and inclined in the direction in which the take up spool is driven, for engagement with the lower series of perforations 52 of the film 5| for taking up the film in the form of a roll I49 on the take up spool hub I45 as the take up spool is rotated.

The take up magazine is provided with a film entry passage I50 in the region of the corresponding end of the film guide 52--53, see particularly Figure 5, and this end of the film guide is curved, as designated at I5I, to guide the film into the entry passage, the arrangement being such that the film is sealed against light in its passage from the film guide into the take up magazine. The take up magazine is held in the camera casing and against the camera body 45 by an upwardly projecting stud I52 and an upwardly projecting spring clip I53 both fixed with the lower camera casingportion 5. Asthefilmisiedinthefilm guide by the rotation of the feed sprocket I55 it is drawn from the film roll I31 on the supply spool I35 and is wound. on the film roll I43 on the take up spool I45-I45 which is driven with the feed sprocket as above described.

A forwardly and rearwardLv extending shift bar I54, within the base leg 2, is mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in spaced bearings I55 and I55 carried by the base leg. See Figures 19, 20, 21, 22 and 39. A spring I51 is connected with this shift bar and serves to yieldably actuate it rearwardly. A platen arm I55 is secured with the platen I3I4 for pivotal movement therewith at the side thereof corresponding with the base leg 2 and projects thereinto. This arm comprises, see particularly Figure 39, axially spaced arm portions I53 and I5I through apertures of which the platen pivot stud I5, associated with the base leg 2, extends and a transverse portion I52 connecting the outer ends of the arm portions to fix them together. A roller I53 is mounted on the shift bar I54 and projects laterally therefrom, and the arm portion I59 is provided with a cam portion I54 which is forwardly engageabl against the roller I53 to actuate the shift bar I54 against the influence of spring I51 forwardly or to the right as the platen is removed from its lower horizontal position, as shown in Figures 19, 34 and 39, to its upper inclined position as shown in Figure 32, a spring I55 being connected with the arm portion I53 for counterbalancing the platen.

An electric switch I55 of the micro-switch type, see Figures 21, 22 and 36, is mounted forwardly within the base leg 2, and is of the normally open type and has its operating plunger I51 extending and yieldably urged upwardly to normally maintain the switch open, downward depression of the switch plunger closing the switch. A forwardly and rearwardly extending arm I55 is disposed within the base leg 2 above the switch I55, and its forward end is pivoted, as designated at I53, on a horizontal axis for vertical movement of the arm. A forwardly and rearwardly extending spring I1I, of hair pin shape, is disposed between the arm I55 and the switch plunger I51, and is pivoted at its closed forward end, as designated at I12 on a horizontal axb for vertical movement of the spring. The legs of the spring I'II respectively engage the switch plunger I51 and the arm I58, and reacting on the switch plunger, the spring I1I yieldabLv urges the arm upwardly and normally maintains it in such position as shown in Figure 36, the spring, not shown, of the switch plunger I51 being of sumcient strength to normally maintain the switch plunger in its upper or open position. A plunger I13 secured on the arm I55 and extending upwardly through an opening in the top wall of the base leg 2, is downwardly engaged by the frame I3 of the platen I3I4 with final downward movement of the platen into its lower horizontal position, see Figure 21, and is thereby moved downwardly to move the arm I55 downwardly and compress the spring I1I sufficiently to overcome the resistance of the spring, not shown, of the switch plunger I51 to thereby move the switch 

